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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Malgré les efforts fournis depuis environ deux décennies en matière de lutte, le paludisme reste un problème de santé publique en République du Congo. La présente étude a pour objectif d’analyser l’infection palustre dans les ménages d’une zone rurale des environs de Brazzaville. Matériel et Méthodes. Des prélèvements sanguins ont été réalisés chez les personnes de tout âge au sein des ménages du village Djoumouna, en saison des pluies et en saison sèche, pour une détection des parasites du paludisme par goutte épaisse et une détermination des espèces par frottis sanguin. La relation entre la proportion des infections palustres et plusieurs paramètres a été évaluée. Résultats. Des proportions des infections symptomatiques et asymptomatiques allant de 50-52% et de 34-44% respectivement ont été trouvées. La plupart des infections palustres symptomatique et asymptomatique ont été enregistrées chez les enfants de 5-15 ans avec 59,6% et 67,3% respectivement en saison des pluies et en saison sèche (P-value=0,01). La mono-infection à Plasmodium falciparum a été plus prédominante tant en saison des pluies (83,19%) qu’en saison sèche (75,94%), suivi des cas des infections mixtes de Plasmodium falciparum et Plasmodium malariae (10,62% saison de pluies et 11,28 % saison sèche). Conclusion. L’infection palustre continue à sévir à des taux élevés dans les villages des environs de Brazzaville. Les proportions élevées enregistrées chez les enfants d’âges scolaires et les adultes montrent que le profil épidémiologique du paludisme tend à être inversé.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Despite the efforts made over the past two decades in term of control, malaria remains a public health problem in the Republic of Congo. The objective of this study is to analyze plasmodial infection in households in a rural area near Brazzaville. Material and Methods. Blood samples were taken from people living in households in the rural community of Djoumouna during the rainy and dry seasons for the detection of malaria parasites and determination of malaria species by thick and thin blood smear respectively. The relationship between the proportion of plasmodial infections and several parameters was evaluated. Results. Proportions of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections ranging from 50-52% and 34-44% respectively were recorded. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plasmodial infections were mostly recorded in children aged between 5 to15 years old, with 59.6% and 67.3% respectively during the rainy and dry seasons (P-value=0.01). Plasmodium falciparum mono-infection being most predominant during both rainy (83.19%) and dry seasons (75.94%), followed by the mixed infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium malariae (10.62% during rainy season and 11.28% during dry season. Conclusion. Malaria infection continues to occur at high rates in villages around Brazzaville. The high prevalence recorded in school-aged children and adults show that the epidemiological profile of malaria tends to be reversed.

Keywords

Malaria Asymptomatic Symptomatic Republic of Congo Rural area Paludisme Asymptomatique Symptomatique République du Congo Zone rural

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Prisca Nadine, C. ., Issamou Mayengue, P. ., Diassivi Brunelle, M. ., Chyvanelle, A. N. ., Grace, N. B. ., & Etienne, N. . (2022). L’Infection Palustre en Zone Rurale des Environs de Brazzaville : Données d’une Enquête Parasitologique dans des Ménages: L’infection palustre autour de Brazzaville. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v23i2.3327
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