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ABSTRACT
Introduction. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men over 60 worldwide and as well as in Gabon. Its diagnosis is made histologically, nevertheless, can be suggested by a serum total prostate-specific antigen value greater than 4 ng/mL. However, this value can be elevated in the presence of any prostate pathology. The objective of this study was to assess the risk of a diagnosis of high-grade prostate cancer with elevated prostate-specific antigen. Methods. This was a case-control study that took place in January 2022 in the Pathology Anatomy Department's lab of the Faculty of Medicine of Libreville. Serum total prostate-specific antigen levels were compared to histological analyzes of biopsies from 2018-2020. Results. 232 biopsies were studied including 134 prostate cancers and 89 benign prostatic hypertrophies. There was an increasingly positive correlation between the level of prostate-specific antigen and the histological diagnosis of cancer. The risk of high-grade cancer was 37 times greater with a total prostate-specific antigen level above 100 ng/mL. Conclusion. The relationship between the level of total prostate-specific antigen and the risk of high-grade prostate cancer is clearly visible in this study. Nonetheless, there is a high number of patients with an elevated serum total prostate-specific antigen value associated with an absence of histological lesions of cancer.
 
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le cancer de la prostate est le cancer le plus fréquent chez les hommes de plus de 60 ans dans le monde et au Gabon. Son diagnostic est histologique mais peut être évoqué devant une valeur d’antigène spécifique de la prostate total sérique supérieur à 4 ng/mL. Cependant, cette valeur peut être dépassée devant toute pathologie de la prostate. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le risque d’un diagnostic de cancer de la prostate de haut grade avec un antigène spécifique de la prostate élevé. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude cas-témoins qui s’est déroulé de janvier 2022 dans le Service d’Anatomie pathologie de la Faculté de médecine de Libreville. Les tests d’antigènes spécifiques de la prostate total sérique ont été comparés aux analyses histologiques des biopsies de 2018-2020. Résultats. 232 biopsies ont été étudiées dont 134 cancers de la prostate et 89 hypertrophies bénignes de la prostate. Il existait une corrélation positive croissante entre le niveau d’antigène spécifique de la prostate et le diagnostic histologique de cancer. Le risque de cancer de haut grade était 37 fois plus important avec un niveau d’antigène spécifique de la prostate total supérieur à 100 ng/mL. Conclusion.  La relation entre le niveau d’antigène spécifique de la prostate total et le risque de cancer de la prostate de haut grade est bien visible dans cette étude. Toutefois, il existe un nombre élevé de patients avec une valeur d’antigène spécifique de la prostate total sérique élevée associé à une absence de lésion histologique de cancer. 
 

Keywords

risk of prostate cancer, prostate-specific antigen, prostate biopsy, Libreville, Gabon. risque de cancer de la prostate, antigène spécifique de la prostate, Biopsie prostatique, Libreville

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Pélagie Mougola Bissiengou, Géremy Kumbading, Comlan Jérôme Gaston Montcho, Adrien Mougougou, Joel Fleury Djoba Siawaya, & Maguette Sylla Niang. (2023). Prostate Specific Antigen and the Risk of Prostate Cancer on Prostate Biopsies in Libreville, 2018-2020. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(8). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i8.4671
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