Main Article Content
Abstract
AIM
In Cameroon scanty data related to the histopathology of vascular tumors are available. Our objective was to study different morphological aspects of these vascular tumors.
METHODS
We carried out a descriptive and retrospective study over a 5 year period, from 1st September 2004 to 31st August 2013. We included patients with vascular tumors ascertained by a histolological report.
RESULTS
550 patients were recruited with 349 (63, 45 %) male and 201 (46, 55 %) female. The sex ratio was about 2:1. Patients mainly came from the Center region ( 30, 18 % ) and the Littoral region ( 23, 82 %). The site of the lesion was essentially cutaneous (64, 90 %). Among the lesions, 119 (21, 64 %) were benign, 393 (71, 5 %) intermediate (or locally aggressive) and 38 ( 6, 91 %) were malignant. Among the benign lesions, capillary hemangioma ( 56, 41 %) and cavernous hemangioma ( 23, 08%) were the most frequent types. The intermediate lesions were dominated by Kaposi sarcoma (98, 22 %), the retiform and Kaposiform hemangio-endothelioma accounted for less than 2 %. Among the malignant group , angiosarcoma other than Kaposi sarcoma was the most frequent ( 55, 26 %) , followed by malignant hemangiopericytoma ( 23, 68 %) followed by the epithelioid hemangio-endothelioma ( 21, 05 %).
CONCLUSION
Vascular tumors in Cameroon have various histomorphology with mostly aggressive and malignant forms.
Keywords
Article Details
References
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- Report from the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-7231, USA, 2006.
- Ji J, Hemmininki K. Familial blood vessel tumors and subsequent cancers.
- Deutsche Krebshilfe, the Sweedish Cancer Society, The Sweedish Council for working Life and Social Research, EU, LSHC-LT-2004-503465. February 2007.
- Moore SW, Davidson A, Hadley GP, Kruger M, Poole J, Stones D et al: Malignant liver tumors in South African children: A National Audit. World J Surg 2008, 32 (7); 1389-95.
- Krown SE.
- Treatment strategies for Kaposi sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Oncol. 2011, 23(5):463-8.
- Fury MG, Antonescu CR, Van Zee KJ, Brennan MF, Maki RG.
- A 14-year retrospective review of angiosarcoma: clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes with surgery and chemotherapy.
- Cancer J. 2005, 11(3):241-7.
- Eichhorn ME, Strieth S, Dellian M.
- Anti-vascular tumor therapy: recent advances, pitfalls and clinical perspectives.
- Drug Resist Updat. 2004, 7(2):125-38.
- Athavale SM, Ries WR, Carniol PJ. Laser treatment of cutaneous vascular tumors and malformations. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011, 19(2):303-12.
- Lee CG, Heijn M, di Tomaso E, Griffon-Etienne G, Ancukiewicz M, Koike C, Park KR, Ferrara N, Jain RK, Suit HD, Boucher Y.
- Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor treatment augments tumor radiation response under normoxic or hypoxic conditions
- Cancer Res, 2000, 60(19):5565-70.
- Scott MT, Portnow LH, Morris CG, Marcus RB Jr, Mendenhall NP, Mendenhall WM et al.
- Radiation therapy for angiosarcoma: the 35-year University of Florida experience.
- Am J Clin Oncol. 2013, 36(2):174-80.
- Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F (Eds).
- World Health Organisation Classification of Tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of soft tissue and bone. IARC Press: Lyon, 2002.
- Enzinger FM, Weiss SW.
- Soft tissue tumors. 3rd Edition. Mosby. 1995, pp 579-677.
- CotranRS, KumarV, RobbinsSL. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease.4e Edition.Saunders. 1989, pp 587-92.
- National Aids Control Committee (Republic of Cameroon) Implementing the Declaration of commitment on HIV and AIDS. Progress report, UNGASS 2008. 3: 63-7.
- Costa MA, Sousa A, Vieira E.
- Hemangioendothelioma : a rare vascular tumor in childhood and adolescence . Pediatr hematol Oncol 1996, 13 (4) : 333-7.
- Kondis – Pafidis A, Psyhogios J, Spanidou – Carvouni H, Kairi- Vassilatou P, Kontagianni K, Smyrniotis V.
- Clinico-pathological study of vascular tumors of the breast : a series of ten patients with a long follow-up. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2004 ; 25 (3): 324-6.
- Djomou F, Bengono G, Sando Z, Ndjolo A, Bengondo C, Binam F.
- Pathologie tumorale maxillo-faciale : 2 cas d’angiosarcome jugal juvénile. La Revue africaine d’ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale 2003, 1 (2) : 83-85.
References
Calonje E, Fletcher CD, Wilson-Jones E, Rosai J. Retiform hemangioendothelioma. A distinctive form of low grade angiosarcoma delineated in a series of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 1994, 18: 115-125.
Report from the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892-7231, USA, 2006.
Ji J, Hemmininki K. Familial blood vessel tumors and subsequent cancers.
Deutsche Krebshilfe, the Sweedish Cancer Society, The Sweedish Council for working Life and Social Research, EU, LSHC-LT-2004-503465. February 2007.
Moore SW, Davidson A, Hadley GP, Kruger M, Poole J, Stones D et al: Malignant liver tumors in South African children: A National Audit. World J Surg 2008, 32 (7); 1389-95.
Krown SE.
Treatment strategies for Kaposi sarcoma in sub-Saharan Africa: challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Oncol. 2011, 23(5):463-8.
Fury MG, Antonescu CR, Van Zee KJ, Brennan MF, Maki RG.
A 14-year retrospective review of angiosarcoma: clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes with surgery and chemotherapy.
Cancer J. 2005, 11(3):241-7.
Eichhorn ME, Strieth S, Dellian M.
Anti-vascular tumor therapy: recent advances, pitfalls and clinical perspectives.
Drug Resist Updat. 2004, 7(2):125-38.
Athavale SM, Ries WR, Carniol PJ. Laser treatment of cutaneous vascular tumors and malformations. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2011, 19(2):303-12.
Lee CG, Heijn M, di Tomaso E, Griffon-Etienne G, Ancukiewicz M, Koike C, Park KR, Ferrara N, Jain RK, Suit HD, Boucher Y.
Anti-Vascular endothelial growth factor treatment augments tumor radiation response under normoxic or hypoxic conditions
Cancer Res, 2000, 60(19):5565-70.
Scott MT, Portnow LH, Morris CG, Marcus RB Jr, Mendenhall NP, Mendenhall WM et al.
Radiation therapy for angiosarcoma: the 35-year University of Florida experience.
Am J Clin Oncol. 2013, 36(2):174-80.
Fletcher CDM, Unni KK, Mertens F (Eds).
World Health Organisation Classification of Tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of soft tissue and bone. IARC Press: Lyon, 2002.
Enzinger FM, Weiss SW.
Soft tissue tumors. 3rd Edition. Mosby. 1995, pp 579-677.
CotranRS, KumarV, RobbinsSL. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease.4e Edition.Saunders. 1989, pp 587-92.
National Aids Control Committee (Republic of Cameroon) Implementing the Declaration of commitment on HIV and AIDS. Progress report, UNGASS 2008. 3: 63-7.
Costa MA, Sousa A, Vieira E.
Hemangioendothelioma : a rare vascular tumor in childhood and adolescence . Pediatr hematol Oncol 1996, 13 (4) : 333-7.
Kondis – Pafidis A, Psyhogios J, Spanidou – Carvouni H, Kairi- Vassilatou P, Kontagianni K, Smyrniotis V.
Clinico-pathological study of vascular tumors of the breast : a series of ten patients with a long follow-up. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2004 ; 25 (3): 324-6.
Djomou F, Bengono G, Sando Z, Ndjolo A, Bengondo C, Binam F.
Pathologie tumorale maxillo-faciale : 2 cas d’angiosarcome jugal juvénile. La Revue africaine d’ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale 2003, 1 (2) : 83-85.