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RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L’infection à VIH est une pandémie mondiale et les pays en développement y payent le plus gros tribut. Le nombre d’enfants infectés par le VIH atteignant l’adolescence est en constante augmentation. L’objectif était d’analyser les facteurs associés à la suppression de la charge virale chez les adolescents infectés par le VIH. Matériels et méthodes. Etude transversale à visée analytique chez 393 adolescents infectés par le VIH et suivis au CEP du CHU Gabriel Touré de 2010 à 2017. Les données ont été saisies et analysées avec les logiciel SPSS version 21.0 et R version 2.15.2. Résultats. L’âge moyen à l’initiation du traitement ARV était de 63,77±44,19 mois. Le sex ratio était de 1,2 en faveur des garçons. Ils étaient orphelins d'au moins un parent dans 55,1% des cas. Les adolescents sous 1ère ligne représentaient 40,5% et la dernière charge virale était indétectable chez 51,4%. Selon la classification de l’OMS, 67,8% étaient au stade clinique 3 ou 4 et 43,7% avaient un déficit immunitaire important ou sévère. La durée moyenne de traitement était de 9,79 ± 3,4 ans. Les facteurs associés à la suppression de la charge virale étaient la 1ère ligne thérapeutique 2,1 (1,36-3,23); l’âge actuel d’au moins 15 ans 9,04 (0,93-87,91), l’absence de déficit sévère à l’inclusion 1,67 (1,05-2,65). Conclusion. La 1ère ligne thérapeutique, l’âge des adolescents et la mise sous traitement ARV sans déficit sévère sont des facteurs associés à la suppression de la charge virale quel que soit le statut orphelin. 
ABSTRACT
Objective. To analyze factors associated with viral load suppression among HIV infected adolescents in the Gabriel TOURÉ Medical Center. Methods. We conducted a cross sectional study of 393 HIV-infected adolescents in the Gabriel TOURÉ Medical Center, followed from 2010 to 2017. Adolescents sociodemographic, virologic and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Undetectable viral load was evaluated by status of orphan, treatment regimen, age at treatment initiation and length of follow up in a bivariate and then multivariate analysis (logistic regression). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. Results. We collected medical records of 393 HIV seropositive adolescents. The mean age at ARV therapy initiation was 63,77±44,19 months; 55,1% were orphans of at least one parent. At initiation, 67.8% were at WHO clinical stages III or IV; 40,5% were on first line regimen; the last viral load was undetectable in 51%. Adolescents on first line regimen are more likely to have undetectable viral loads 0,46 [0.31 – 0.70]. Those initiated before the age of 5 years and on first line regimen are 2.7 times more likely to have an undetectable viral load 2,7 [1.6 – 4.4] with P<0.001. Conclusion. First line ARV therapy is strongly associated with viral load suppression among adolescents regardless of the status of orphan.

Keywords

Adolescents Charge virale Indétectable VIH Bamako Adolescents Viral load Undetectable HIV Bamako

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Coulibaly Y A, Maïga A I, Coulibaly Y I, Telly N, Sangaré A, Sacko K, Traoré F, Sidibé L D, Maïga B, Cissé M E, Ahmadoun I, Dembélé A, Togo P, Konaté D, Doumbia AK, Coulibaly O, Doumbia A, Konaré H, Diakité A A, Togo B, Holl J, Murphy R, & Sylla M. (2023). Facteurs Associés à la Suppression de la Charge Virale chez les Adolescents Sous Traitement ARV au Mali. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v24i3.4290
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