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Abstract

Introduction. Osteitis of the jaws ais an inflammatory disease of the bony tissues of the maxilla and mandible. This osteitis is often of dental origin. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of osteitis of the jaws of dental origin. Methodology. This was a descriptive study, with a retrospective data collection, conducted in the odontostomatology departments of the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH) and of the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital (YUTH), Cameroon. Data were collected from January 2018 to December 2022. All patients presenting for a consultation or referred for osteitis of the jaws were included. The parameters studied were socio-demographic profile, history, clinical paraclinical aspects, treatments carried out and their evolution. Results. Of 2351 cases, 54 were included, representing a global hospital prevalence of osteitis of 2.3%. Only 41 of the 54 cases were retained. Males were more affected (56.1%), with a sex ratio of 1.28. The average age was 40.5 ± 10.8 years. The main reason for consultation was pain in 68.2% of cases. Osteitis often followed dental avulsion (48.8%). Osteomyelitis was more common in our study (63.4%). All patients underwent medical and surgical treatment. Conclusion. Dental osteitis of the jaws is a serious condition. Early, specialised and even multidisciplinary management is important.


Introduction. L’ostéite des mâchoires est une affection inflammatoire des tissus osseux du maxillaire et de la mandibule. Ces ostéites sont souvent d’origine dentaire. L’objectif de l’étude était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques des ostéites des mâchoires d’origine dentaire. Méthodologie. Il s’agissait d’une étude descriptive, à collecte de données rétrospective, réalisée dans les services d’odontostomatologie de l’hôpital centrale de Yaoundé et du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yaoundé (Cameroun). La collecte de données a été faite sur des dossiers de janvier 2018 au décembre 2022. Etaient inclus tous les dossiers de patients venus en consultation ou référé pour ostéite des mâchoires. Les paramètres étudiés étaient le profil sociodémographique, les antécédents, les aspects cliniques paracliniques, les traitements effectués et leur évolution. Résultats. Des 2351 dossiers, 54 dossiers étaient inclus, soit une prévalence hospitalière d’ostéites de 2,3%. Seuls 41 sur 54 dossiers ont été retenus. Le genre masculin était plus affecté (56,1%), sex-ratio de 1,28. La moyenne d’âge était de 40,5 ± 10,8 ans. Le principal motif de consultation était la douleur dans 68,2% des cas. L’ostéite faisait souvent suite à une avulsion dentaire (48,8%). Les ostéomyélites étaient plus retrouvées dans notre étude à 63,4%. Un traitement médico-chirurgical a été effectué chez tous les patients. Conclusion. L’ostéite des mâchoires d’origine dentaire est une pathologie grave. Une prise en charge précoce, spécialisée voir multidisciplinaire, est importante.

Keywords

: odontogenic osteitis, jaws, management, Yaounde, Cameroon ostéite odontogénie, mâchoires, prise en charge, Yaoundé, Cameroun.

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Kwedi Karl Guy Grégoire, Edouma Bohimbo Jacques Gérard, Nkolo Ntolo Francis, Tamoh Fokam Stive, Godja Gochede, Njitung Caleb Tem, & Bengondo Messanga Charles. (2024). Osteitis of the Jaws of Dental Origin in Two Hospitals of Yaounde, Cameroon: Ostéites des Mâchoires d’Origine Dentaire dans Deux Hôpitaux de Yaounde, Cameroun . HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 25(9). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v25i9.6008
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