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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Les bosses sur le scalp sont assez fréquentes en périnatalité, et témoignent souvent d’un traumatisme obstétrical. Nous décrivons un nouveau-né présentant des bosses du scalp, massives, bilatérales, au décours d’un accouchement vaginal eutocique. Le pronostic vital a été menacé par une anémie sévère et une coagulopathie secondaire. Le patient a bénéficié de photothérapie, vitamine K, d’antibiothérapie et de multiples transfusions sanguines. La prise en charge neurochirurgicale a permis un drainage des collections et une hémostase par l’utilisation de cire à os de Horsley et du Surgicel.
ABSTRACT
Scalp swellings are rather frequent in perinatal medicine, and are usually indicative of birth trauma. This case report describes a newborn with massive bilateral scalp swellings following spontaneous vaginal delivery. This situation led to severe life-threatening anemia and secondary coagulopathy. The baby was managed with phototherapy, vitamin K, antibiotics and multiple blood transfusions. Neurosurgery was performed to evacuate the blood collection. Hemostasis was possible thanks to the use of Horsley's bone wax and Surgicel.
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References
- Baud O. Complications néonatales des extractions instrumentales. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 2008;37(8):S260–S268.
- J Volpe J. Injuries of Extracranial, Cranial, Intracranial, Spinal Cord, and Peripheral Nervous System Structures. In: Neurology of the newborn. 5th edition. Saunders, Elsevier; 2008. p. 959‑85.
- Cunningham F Gary. Diseases and Injuries of the Term Newborn. In: Williams Obstetrics. 24th edition. McGraw-Hill Education Pp 637- 652.
- Chauvet A, Boukerrou M, Nayama M, Dufour P, Puech F. Traumatismes crâniens obstétricaux spontanés: mythe ou réalité? Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertil. 2005;33(9):582–585.
- Chang H-Y, Peng C-C, Kao H-A, Hsu C-H, Hung H-Y, Chang J-H. Neonatal subgaleal hemorrhage: clinical presentation, treatment, and predictors of poor prognosis. Pediatr Int. 2007;49(6):903–907.
- Broux C, Andrini P, Douchin S, Eymeriaud G, Marey C, Wroblewski I, et al. Une urgence néonatale méconnue: l’hématome extensif du cuir chevelu: 5 observations. Presse Médicale. 2000;29(26):1451–1454.
- Faye PM, Ba A, Gueye M, Diagne-Gueye NR, Dieng YJ, Ba ID, et al. L’hématome sous-galéal chez le nouveau-né: circonstances de survenue et pronostic au centre hospitalier d’enfants Albert Royer de Dakar. J Pédiatrie Puériculture. 2015;28(1):38–46.
- Njokanma OF, Kehinde O. Mechanical Birth Trauma An Evaluation of Predisposing Factors at the Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Niger J Paediatr. 2002;29(3):61–65.
- Parker LA. Part 1: early recognition and treatment of birth trauma: injuries to the head and face. Adv Neonatal Care. 2005;5(6):288–297.
- Nicholson L. Caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma: the Cs that leave bumps on the head. Neonatal Netw. 2007;26(5):277–281.
- Baume S, Cheret A, Creveuil C, Vardon D, Herlicoviez M, Dreyfus M. Complications des accouchements assistés par ventouse. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 2004;33(4):304–311.
- Silverman FN, Byrd CR, Fitz CR. The skull: Traumatic lesions. Caffey’s Pediatr X-Ray Diagn Integr Imaging Approach. 1993;9:43–57.
- Fan HC, Hua YM, Juan CJ, Fang YM, Cheng SN, Wang CC. Infected cephalohematoma associated with sepsis and scalp cellulitis: a case report. J Microbiol Immunol Infect Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi. 2002;35(2):125–128.
- Chadwick LM, Pemberton PJ, Kurinczuk JJ. Neonatal subgaleal haematoma: associated risk factors, complications and outcome. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996;32(3):228–232.
- Camus M, Lefebvre G, Veron P, Darbois Y. Traumatismes obstétricaux du nouveau-né. Enquête retrospective à propos de 20 409 naissances. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 1985;14(8):1033–1043.
- Nkwabong E, Nana PN, Mbu R, Takang W, Ekono MR, Kouam L. Indications and maternofetal outcome of instrumental deliveries at the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon. Trop Doct. 2011;41(1):5–7.
- Petrikovsky BM, Schneider E, Smith-Levitin M, Gross B. Cephalhematoma and caput succedaneum: do they always occur in labor? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(4):906–908.
- Osaghae DO, Sule G, Benka-Coker J. Cephalhematoma causing severe anemia in the newborn: Report of 2 cases. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2011;1(2):223–226.
- Gupta G, Prestigiacomo CJ. From sealing wax to bone wax: predecessors to Horsley’s development. Neurosurg Focus. 2007;23(1):E16.
- Nooh N, Abdullah WA, Grawish ME-A, Ramalingam S, Javed F, Al-Hezaimi K. The effects of surgicel and bone wax hemostatic agents on bone healing: An experimental study. Indian J Orthop. 2014;48(3):319‑25.
References
Baud O. Complications néonatales des extractions instrumentales. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 2008;37(8):S260–S268.
J Volpe J. Injuries of Extracranial, Cranial, Intracranial, Spinal Cord, and Peripheral Nervous System Structures. In: Neurology of the newborn. 5th edition. Saunders, Elsevier; 2008. p. 959‑85.
Cunningham F Gary. Diseases and Injuries of the Term Newborn. In: Williams Obstetrics. 24th edition. McGraw-Hill Education Pp 637- 652.
Chauvet A, Boukerrou M, Nayama M, Dufour P, Puech F. Traumatismes crâniens obstétricaux spontanés: mythe ou réalité? Gynécologie Obstétrique Fertil. 2005;33(9):582–585.
Chang H-Y, Peng C-C, Kao H-A, Hsu C-H, Hung H-Y, Chang J-H. Neonatal subgaleal hemorrhage: clinical presentation, treatment, and predictors of poor prognosis. Pediatr Int. 2007;49(6):903–907.
Broux C, Andrini P, Douchin S, Eymeriaud G, Marey C, Wroblewski I, et al. Une urgence néonatale méconnue: l’hématome extensif du cuir chevelu: 5 observations. Presse Médicale. 2000;29(26):1451–1454.
Faye PM, Ba A, Gueye M, Diagne-Gueye NR, Dieng YJ, Ba ID, et al. L’hématome sous-galéal chez le nouveau-né: circonstances de survenue et pronostic au centre hospitalier d’enfants Albert Royer de Dakar. J Pédiatrie Puériculture. 2015;28(1):38–46.
Njokanma OF, Kehinde O. Mechanical Birth Trauma An Evaluation of Predisposing Factors at the Ogun State University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Niger J Paediatr. 2002;29(3):61–65.
Parker LA. Part 1: early recognition and treatment of birth trauma: injuries to the head and face. Adv Neonatal Care. 2005;5(6):288–297.
Nicholson L. Caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma: the Cs that leave bumps on the head. Neonatal Netw. 2007;26(5):277–281.
Baume S, Cheret A, Creveuil C, Vardon D, Herlicoviez M, Dreyfus M. Complications des accouchements assistés par ventouse. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 2004;33(4):304–311.
Silverman FN, Byrd CR, Fitz CR. The skull: Traumatic lesions. Caffey’s Pediatr X-Ray Diagn Integr Imaging Approach. 1993;9:43–57.
Fan HC, Hua YM, Juan CJ, Fang YM, Cheng SN, Wang CC. Infected cephalohematoma associated with sepsis and scalp cellulitis: a case report. J Microbiol Immunol Infect Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi. 2002;35(2):125–128.
Chadwick LM, Pemberton PJ, Kurinczuk JJ. Neonatal subgaleal haematoma: associated risk factors, complications and outcome. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996;32(3):228–232.
Camus M, Lefebvre G, Veron P, Darbois Y. Traumatismes obstétricaux du nouveau-né. Enquête retrospective à propos de 20 409 naissances. J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod. 1985;14(8):1033–1043.
Nkwabong E, Nana PN, Mbu R, Takang W, Ekono MR, Kouam L. Indications and maternofetal outcome of instrumental deliveries at the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon. Trop Doct. 2011;41(1):5–7.
Petrikovsky BM, Schneider E, Smith-Levitin M, Gross B. Cephalhematoma and caput succedaneum: do they always occur in labor? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(4):906–908.
Osaghae DO, Sule G, Benka-Coker J. Cephalhematoma causing severe anemia in the newborn: Report of 2 cases. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2011;1(2):223–226.
Gupta G, Prestigiacomo CJ. From sealing wax to bone wax: predecessors to Horsley’s development. Neurosurg Focus. 2007;23(1):E16.
Nooh N, Abdullah WA, Grawish ME-A, Ramalingam S, Javed F, Al-Hezaimi K. The effects of surgicel and bone wax hemostatic agents on bone healing: An experimental study. Indian J Orthop. 2014;48(3):319‑25.