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Abstract
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Annona muricata L. est une plante de la famille des annonacées largement utilisée par les populations de nombreux pays du monde, notamment celles du Cameroun. À la fois cultivée et sauvage, cette plante est présentée comme possédant certaines propriétés médicinales. Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer la composition phytochimique et le pouvoir antioxydant des extraits hydro-éthanoliques et aqueux des feuilles de Annona muricata L. Méthodes.La composition phytochimique des extraits a été réalisée à l'aide de réactions colorimétriques, tandis que la teneur en phénols totaux a été déterminée par la méthode de Folin-Ciocalteu. Le pouvoir antioxydant des extrais a été évaluée par des méthodes complémentaires (DPPH et RAP). Résultats: la composition phytochimique a révélé la présence de composés phénoliques, de glycosides cardiaques et de sucres dans les deux extraits, tandis que les alcaloïdes étaient présents uniquement dans l'extrait hydroéthanolique. La teneur en phénols totaux de l'extrait hydro-éthanolique était significativement supérieure à celle de l'extrait aqueux (p <0,05). Les résultats du test DPPH et ceux du test RAP ont également montré que l'extrait hydro-éthanolique avait un pouvoir antioxydant supérieur à celui de l'extrait aqueux. (p <0,05). Conclusion: ces résultats suggèrent que les feuilles de Annona muricata L. représentent une source potentielle de composés antioxydants bien que leur nature et leur nombre varient d'un extrait à l'autre.
ABSTRACT
Background. Annona muricata L. is a plant of the Annonaceae family widely used by people in many countries of the world, especially those of Cameroon. Both cultivated and wild, this plant is presented as having some medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate phytochemical composition and antioxydant power of hydro-ethanolic and aqueous leaves extracts of Annona muricata L. Methods. Phytochemical composition of the extracts was performed using colorimetric reactions while total phenols content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Extracts antioxidant power was evaluated by complementary methods (DPPH and RAP). Results. phytochemical composition revealed the presence of phenolics compounds, cardiac glycosides and sugars in both extracts, while alkaloids were present only in hydro-ethanolic extract. Total phenols content of hydro-ethanolic extract was significantly higher than that of aqueous extract (p <0.05). The results of DPPH test and those of RAP test also showed that hydro-ethanolic extract had a greater antioxidant power than aqueous extract. (p <0.05). Conclusion. These results suggest that Annona muricata L. represent a potential source of antioxidant compounds although these compounds vary in kind and number from one extract to another.
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References
- REFERENCES
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- Hayouni E, Abedrabba M, Bouix M, Hamdi, M. The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. and Juniperus phoenicea L. fruit extracts. Food Chemistry, 2007 ; 105 : 1126-1134.
- Turkmen, N., Velioglu, Y., Sari, F. and Polat G., “Effect of extraction conditions on measured total polyphenol contents and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Black Tea.” Molecules, 2007 ; 12 : 484-496.
- Tawaha K, Alali F, Gharaibeh M, Mohammad M, El-Elimat T. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of selected Jordanian plant species. Food Chemistry, 2007 ; 104 : 1372-1378.
- Nabila, B., Fawzia, A. and Tatjana, K., “Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts and some bioactive compounds of Atriplex halimus. Comptes rendus Chimie. 2009 ; 12 : 1259-1266.
- Su JD, Osawa T, Kawakishi S, Nail M. Tannin antioxidants from Osbeckia chinensis. Phytochemistry, 1988 ; 27 : 1315-1319.
- Muanda FN. Identification de polyphénols, évaluation de leur activité antioxydante et étude de leurs propriétés biologiques [Thèse]. Metz : Université Paul Verlaine-Metz ; 2010. 295p.
References
REFERENCES
Tchokouaha Yamthe LR, Tsouh Fokou PV, Jiatsa Mbouna CD, Keumoe R, Lenta Ndjakou B, Toukam Djouonzo P and al. Extracts from Annona Muricata L. and Annona Reticulata L. (Annonaceae) Potently and Selectively Inhibit Plasmodium Falciparum. Medicines. 2015;2:55-66. doi:10.3390/medicines2020055
Pieme CA, Kumar SG, Dongmo MS, Moukette Moukette B, Fekam Boyoum F, Yonkeu Ngogang J et al. Antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptosis by Annona muricata (Annonaceae) extract on human cancer cells. BMC Compl Alt Med. Décembre 2014 ; doi : 10.1186/1472-6882-14-516)
Riwom Essama SH, Nyegue MA, Ndoye Foe C, Kamga Silihe K, Bouopda Tamo SP, Etoa FX. Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Hydro-Ehanol Extracts of Barks, Leaves and Stems of Annona muricata. Americ J Pharmaco Scie. 2015; 3(6) : 126-131.
Adewole SO, Caxton-Martins EA. Morphological changes and hypoglycemic effects of Annona muricata linn.(annonaceae) leaf aqueous extract on pancreatic β-cells of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2006 ; 9(3) : 173-87.
Ravalison Andrianarison E, Rakotosaona R, Andrianaivoravelona OJ, Andrianarison RJ, Handrinirina JE, Andrianary PA. Screening phytochimique et isolement par voie bioguidée de substances à activité antibactérienne d’extraits de Cassia occidentalis Sond récoltée à Maevatanàna. MADA-HARY. 2015 ; vol. 4, ISSN 2410-0315.
Ayoola GA, Coker HAB, Adesegun SA, Adepoju-Bello AA, Obaweya K, Ezennia EC and al. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities of some selected medicinal plants used for malaria therapy in Southwestern. Nigeria. Trop. J. Pharm. Res. 2008; 07: 1019-1024.
Oyaizu M. Studies on products of browning reactions: Antioxidative activities of products of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. Jpn. J. Nutr. 1986 ; 44 : 307–315.
Bougandoura N, Bendimerad N. Evaluation de l’activité antioxydante des extraits aqueux et méthanolique de Satureja calamintha ssp. Nepeta (L.) Briq. Nature & Technologie. Juin 2013 ; 09 : 14-19.
Dildar Ahmed, Mehboob Khan M, Ramsha Saeed. Comparative Analysis of Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Methanolic, Hexanic and Aqueous Extracts from Adiantum caudatum Leaves. Antioxidants 2015 ; 4 : 394-409; doi:10.3390/antiox4020394.
Sejal P, Jayvadan KP. A review on a miracle fruits of Annona muricata. J. Pharmacogno. Phytochem. 2016; 5(1): 137-148.
Coria-Téllez AV, Montalvo-Gonzalez E, Yahia EM, Obledo-Vazquez EN. Annona muricata: A comprehensive review on its traditional medicinal uses, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and toxicity. Arab. J. Chem. 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.01.004
Garcia-Salas P, Morales-Soto A, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Phenolic-Compound-Extraction Systems for Fruit and Vegetable Samples. Molecules. 2010 ; 15 : 8813-8826.
Jokic S, Velić D, Bilić M, BuCić-koJić A, PlANiNić M, ToMAS S. Modelling of the Process of Solid-Liquid Extraction of Total Polyphenols from Soybeans. Czech J. Food Sci. 2010 ; 28 (3) : 206–212.
Bonnaillie C, Salacs M, Vassiliova E, Ilonka Saykova I. Etude de l’extraction de composés phénoliques à partir de pellicules d’arachide (Arachis hypogaea L.). Revue de génie industriel. 2012 ; 7 : 35-45.
Liang N, Kitts DD. Antioxidant property of coffee Components: Assessment of methods that define mechanisms of action. Molecules. 2014 ; 19 : 19180–19208, doi:10.3390/molecules191119180.
Shalaby EA, Shanab SMM. Comparison of DPPH and ABTS assays for determining antioxidant potential of water and methanol extracts of Spirulina platensis. Indian J. Geo-Mar. Sci. 2013 ; 42 : 556–564.
Ahmed D, Mir H. Study of antioxidant, anti-protease and anti-urease potential of Schiff bases of acetophenone with different amines. J. Chem. Soc. Pak. 2014 ; 36 : 915–921.
Djeridane A, Yousfi M, Nadjemi B, Boutassouna D, Stocker P, Vidal N. Antioxidant activity of some Algerian medicinal plants extracts containing phenolic compounds. Food Chemistry, 2006 ; 97 : 654-660.
Hayouni E, Abedrabba M, Bouix M, Hamdi, M. The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. and Juniperus phoenicea L. fruit extracts. Food Chemistry, 2007 ; 105 : 1126-1134.
Turkmen, N., Velioglu, Y., Sari, F. and Polat G., “Effect of extraction conditions on measured total polyphenol contents and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Black Tea.” Molecules, 2007 ; 12 : 484-496.
Tawaha K, Alali F, Gharaibeh M, Mohammad M, El-Elimat T. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of selected Jordanian plant species. Food Chemistry, 2007 ; 104 : 1372-1378.
Nabila, B., Fawzia, A. and Tatjana, K., “Antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts and some bioactive compounds of Atriplex halimus. Comptes rendus Chimie. 2009 ; 12 : 1259-1266.
Su JD, Osawa T, Kawakishi S, Nail M. Tannin antioxidants from Osbeckia chinensis. Phytochemistry, 1988 ; 27 : 1315-1319.
Muanda FN. Identification de polyphénols, évaluation de leur activité antioxydante et étude de leurs propriétés biologiques [Thèse]. Metz : Université Paul Verlaine-Metz ; 2010. 295p.